Fits for Radial Ball Bearings

 


Selecting the right fits for the shaft and housing are critical to optimizing the performance and life of a radial ball bearing. A bearing can only perform to its full potential if it is properly fitted to the shaft and into the housing. Improper fits can lead to undesirable operating conditions and premature failure.

Following are some of the general considerations bearing users should take into account:

Direction, type, and magnitude of the load.

An equivalent radial load is calculated from the actual axial and radial loads applied. In general, tighter fits are required as the load increases. In addition, rings subjected to circumferential loading should have tight fits. For rings that are only subjected to point loads, a loose fit can be used.

Rotation of the inner or outer ring

Typically, the rotating ring requires an interference fit, while the non-rotating ring should have a slightly loose fit.

The specified size and type of bearing

Thin-walled and miniature bearings are very sensitive to interference fits because of radial clearance loss. Bearings with heavier cross-sections generally require tighter fits.

Material and manufacturing tolerances of mating parts

The fit tolerances refer to cast iron or steel housings and shafts. Alloys such as aluminum (with a different modulus of elasticity) require a tighter fit to achieve a tight fit.

Operating temperature

With tight fits and a temperature difference between the inner and outer rings, the radial internal clearance in the bearing will decrease. This must be taken into account when selecting the internal clearance. In addition, different housing or shaft materials have different coefficients of thermal expansion than the bearing rings. This must be taken into account to achieve a tight fit.

Required running accuracy

In order to achieve high running accuracy, the same high standards of accuracy and surface quality that apply to the bearing must also apply to the shaft and housing. In addition, with miniature and thin-section bearings, irregularities on the shaft or in the housing are transmitted to the relatively thin-walled bearing rings.

 

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